Personality traits and social entrepreneurship dimensions in Peru and Argentina
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Publicado
ago 31, 2018
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Resumen
This research aims to increase the comprehension of the influence of the Big 5 Personality Traits on social entrepreneurship dimensions (social vision, sustainability, social network, innovation and financial returns) in the context of Argentinian and Peruvian social enterprises. Previous research was often based on student samples and most of them do not integrate the Latin American landscape. This paper presents a unique sample of entrepreneurs operating in countries where social entrepreneurship has not been deeply investigated, but considered as potentially relevant to bridge the division between the State and the free market in providing sustainable resources for the social sector growth. Data from 109 Peruvian and Argentinian social entrepreneurs was collected via online questionnaires, and analyzed using a separate exploratory factor analysis for the dependent and independent constructs. Findings indicate Conscientiousness as the most influential personality trait in social entrepreneur’s dimensions, affecting all except for financial returns. Openness has significantly positive influence to social network and innovation, as Extroversion to social network and financial returns, with a significantly negative influence to sustainability. Finally, Neuroticism has significantly negative influence to social networks. Additionally, differences between Peruvian and Argentinian samples were found and could stem from cultural-economic context.
Palabras clave
Social business, Social enterprise, Personality traits, Social entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial intention.
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Citas
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Cross, B., & Travaglione, A. (2003). The untold story: Is entrepreneurship of the 21st century defined by emotional intelligence?. The International Journal of Organizational Studies, 11(3): 221-228.
Darabi, M., Soltani, H., Nazari, K., & Emami, M. (2012). Social entrepreneurship: A critical review of the concept. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(6): 2932-2940.
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Elkington, J. (1994). Towards the Sustainable Corporation: Win-Win-Win Business Strategies for Sustainable Development. California Management Review, 36(2): 90-100.
Espíritu-Olmos, R., & Sastre-Castillo, M.A. (2015). Personality traits versus work values: Comparing psychological theories on entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1595-1598.
Farber, V., Caballero, S., Prialé, M. A., & Fuchs, R. M. (2015). Social Enterprises in Lima: Notions and Operating Models. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, 1(1): 56-78.
Farruggia, G. (2007). How is the non-profit sector changing? Futures Research Quarterly, 23(1): 5-16.
Gaggero, A., Gaggero, J., & Rúa, M. (2015). Principales características e impacto macroeconómico de la fuga de capitales en Argentina. Problemas del Desarrollo, 46(182): 67-90.
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Greve, A., & Salaff, J.W. (2003). Social networks and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(1): 1-22.
Gungaphul, M., & Boolaky, M. (2009). Entrepreneurship and marketing: an exploratory study in Mauritius. Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship, 1(3): 209-226.
Guy, M.E., & Hitcock, J.R. (2000). If apples were oranges: the public/nonprofit, business nexus of Peter Drucker”s work. Journal of Management History, 6(1): 30-47.
Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2010), Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective, 7th ed. New Jersey: Pearson.
Handy, F., Ranade, B., & Kassam, M. (2007). To profit or not to profit: Women entrepreneurs in India. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 17(4): 383-401.
Hemingway, C. (2005). Personal Values as a Catalyst for Corporate Social Entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 60(3): 233-249.
INEI- Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. (2016). Condiciones de vida en el Perú Noviembre - Diciembre 2016. Retrieved from https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/boletines/01-informe-tecnico-n01_condiciones-de-vida-oct-nov-dic2016.pdf (accessed 17 February 2017).
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İrengϋn, O., & Arikboğa, Ş. (2015). The effect personality traits on social entrepreneurship intentions: A field research. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195: 1186-1195.
Kirkwood, J. (2007). Igniting the entrepreneurial spirit: Is the role parents play gendered?. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 13(1): 39-59.
Klaren, P. (2004). Nación y Sociedad en la Historia del Perú. Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
Kneiding, C., & Tracey, P. (2009). Towards a performance measurement framework for community development finance institutions in the UK. Journal of Business Ethics, 86(3): 327-345.
Leutner, F., Ahmetoglu, G., Akhtar, R., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2014). The relationship between the entrepreneurial personality and the Big Five personality traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 63: 58-63.
Lin, N. (1999). Building a network theory of social capital. Connections, 22(1): 28-51.
Llewelyn, D.J., & Wilson, K.M. (2003). The controversial role of personality traits in entrepreneurial psychology. Education + Training, 45(6): 341-345.
Mair, J., & Martí, I. (2006). Social entrepreneurship research: a source of explanation, prediction, and delight. Journal of World Business, 41(1): 36-44.
Mair, J., & Noboa, E. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: How intentions to create a social venture are formed. In Mair, J., Robinson, J., & Hockerts, K. (Eds.). Social Entrepreneurship (pp. 121-135). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Márquez, P., Reficco, E., & Berger, G. (2010). Negocios inclusivos: Iniciativas de mercado con los pobres de Iberoamérica. Washington D.C.: Inter American Development Bank.
Martin, R., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social Entrepreneurship: The Case for Definition. Retrieved from http://www.ssireview.org/articles/entry/social_entrepreneurship_the_case_for_definition/ (accessed 18 August 2015).
McClelland, D.C. (1961). The achieving society. New Jersey: Princeton.
McCrae, R.R., & John, O.P. (1992). An Introduction to the Five-Factor Model and Its Applications. Journal of Personality, 60(2): 175-215.
MECON - Ministerio de Economía de la Nación (2016). Secretaría de Hacienda. Retrieved from www.mecon.gov.ar (accessed 15 February 2017).
Mehrotra, S., & Verma, S. (2015). An assessment approach for enhancing the organizational performance of social enterprises in India. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 7(1): 35-54.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital and organizational advantage. The Academy of Management Review, 23(2): 242-266.
Nga, K.H., & Shamuganathan, G. (2010). The Influence of Personality Traits and Demographic Factors on Social Entrepreneurship Start Up Intentions. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(2): 259-282.
Ong, W.J., & Ismail, H.B. (2008). Revisiting Personality Traits in Entrepreneurship Study from Resource-Based Perspective. Business Renaissance Quarterly, 3(1): 97-114.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2010). SMEs, Entrepreneurship and Innovation. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2013). Policy Brief on Social Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2017). OECD Economic Surveys: Argentina 2017: Multi-dimensional Economic Survey. Paris: OECD Publishing.
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